GUIA PSYCHO

The Biological approach to psychology is called:
-neuropsychology

2. Biological approach attempts to explain mental processes and behavior at the:
-cellular and structural level.

What is sublimation?

Sublimation is a mature type of defense mechanism where socially unacceptable impulses or idealizations are unconsciously transformed into socially acceptable actions or behavior, possibly resulting in a long-term conversion of the initial impulse.

Mention one Horney´s theory:

For Horney, a child grows freely and well to the extent that he or she feels security and genuine self-esteem. To the extent that the child falls prey to adverse influences, he or she develops a deep insecurity, what Horney called basic anxiety—the feeling of being helpless and alone in a world experienced as potentially hostile.

Mention 5 approaches of psychology:

PsychodynamicPerspective.

TheEvolutionaryApproach.

CognitiveApproach.

TheBehaviouralPerspective.

HumanisticPerspective.

What is unconscious?
A: Mind containing thoughts, feelings, and desire of which we are mostly unaware.

Freud believes that:
a) sex is less important than the thoughts.
b) the conscious mind can deal with the mass of unaceptable passions and drives.
A: c)The unconscious exerts an important influence over our everyday behaviors
d) Four systems that take part in the conflict between drives and restraints.

1.    Name the two parts of the id
= Thanatos & Eros

2. Name the 3 parts of the personality
= Ego, super ego & id

3. The major causes of behavior have their origin in the

Talkin about the id, ego, and superego

Who is the largest part of the icerberg?
A:The id

1.-¿What study the neurobiological approach ?

R,- Study the ways in wich the brain, nervous system are involved in behavior

2.- what is the basic research un neurobiological approach ?

R.- Studies the neuronal hormonal and other phsycal factors that affect behavior

3.- What is the applied psychology in neurobiological approach?

Helps with additions, eating disorders, health issues affect of enviromental pollutants or weather on mood undersdtanding the role of emotions and anger mangent

1.- What are neurobiologists interested in?

In how the physical systems affect behavior, thought and feelings. 

4.- The psychodynamic approach focuses on:____________ 

the winner forces, conflictos, or instincts of the unconscious mind.

¿What is Superego?

Incorporates the values and morals of society which are learned from parents and other .

¿ What is the Bassic Assumption?!

Is the major causes of behavior that have their origin in the unconscious, and psychic determinism says that all behavior had a cause / Reason.

¿ Studies the ways in which the brain, nervous system , and other body system are involved in behavior?

The Neurobiological Approach .

¿Is the part of the ID which has been modified by the direct influence of the external world ?

EGO‘

How personality is studied?

In clinical observations, experimental psychology where participants may be observed, using tests and which is the most of various personality factors

Which are the most important contributions of Freud?

Focus  the unconscious

Interest  in cognitive and symbolic behavior

Development of psychological therapy

Belief in the importance of basic drives of sexuality and aggression

1.what is the distortion of reality?

The distortion of reality and the in the realness and the dose of imagination

2.what does Freud say about the defense mechanisms?

That its one way to avoid pain or reduced anxiety

3. what the oppression of the consciousness produce in the long run ?

A false reality

4.is violence a defense mechanism?

Yes

5. when you cant let go of someone is that a defense mechanisim?

Yes

6.Do you use your defense mechanisms everyday?

Yes in our daily activities

What approach did Watson applied?

R: Behaviorism

1-What are the defense mechanisms?
A group of mental process that enables the mind to reach compromise solutions to conflicts that the mina is unable to resolve

2-what's the ego
The ego contain our conscious perceptions that develop with the reactions of the real world.

3- Freud proposed three systems that take part in the conflict between our inner drives and external restraints. Wich are those? 
1- the Id
2-the Ego
3-The superego

4- •is intensive component of personality
•consist in of al the biological components of personality presented at birth
•is the first impulsive part of a new born child.
characteristics of:
R- Conscious

Introspection was proposed by?

Wilhelm Wundt                            

What is the ID?

Is the largest portion of the iceberg. The ID contains the basic drives to survive, reproduce and engage in mastery over others.

What are the defense mechanisms?

Is the ways that ego avoids pain or reduces anxiety by using defense mechanisms to distort reality.

Who is the founder of the psychodynamic approach and psychoanalysis.?

Sigmund Freud

What is the psychodynamic approach?

The psychodynamic approach includes all the theories in psychology that see human functioning based upon the interaction of drives and forces within the person, particularly unconscious, and between the different structures of the personality.

Which are the parts of the mind? 
*Ego, super ego and id

Define the roles of the parts of the mind.
*The id is made of the "reptilian incsticts", it is the wild and impulsive part of the mind which acts when provoked.
The ego is an evolved part of the id which rationalizates about the situation and tries to give a rational answer to every problem.
The super ego developes around the age of 3 to 4, it acts as a mediatos between the id and the ego (especially the id) and tries to coose the best response between the two for every stressful situation.

Studies mental processes of perception memory, language, problem solving and thinking

a) sociocultural approach
A: b) cognitive approach
c) Neurobiological approach.
d) behavioral approach.

A) Unconscious
Ego
C) ID

4. The super ego is developed around the age of

A) 10 – 14
3 – 5
C) 1 – 3

4.- Which thing study neurobiological approach?

neurotransmissors

b) ego

C) id

D)Súper ego

2.- Which is NOT a defense mechanism: 

denial b) acceptance c) regression d) projection 

3.- Who established the Psychodynamic approach?

Wundt b) Skinner c) Freud d) Pavlov

When you are refusing to accept something that is upsetting, the defense mechanism taht is acting is.
a) Regression  b) Displacement  *c) Denial  d) Repression

Who proposed the theory of the defense mechanisms?
a) Alfred A

The Biological approach to psychology is called:
-neuropsychology

2. Biological approach attempts to explain mental processes and behavior at the:
-cellular and structural level.

What is sublimation?

Sublimation is a mature type of defense mechanism where socially unacceptable impulses or idealizations are unconsciously transformed into socially acceptable actions or behavior, possibly resulting in a long-term conversion of the initial impulse.

Mention one Horney´s theory:

For Horney, a child grows freely and well to the extent that he or she feels security and genuine self-esteem. To the extent that the child falls prey to adverse influences, he or she develops a deep insecurity, what Horney called basic anxiety—the feeling of being helpless and alone in a world experienced as potentially hostile.

Mention 5 approaches of psychology:

PsychodynamicPerspective.

TheEvolutionaryApproach.

CognitiveApproach.

TheBehaviouralPerspective.

HumanisticPerspective.

What is unconscious?
A: Mind containing thoughts, feelings, and desire of which we are mostly unaware.

Freud believes that:
a) sex is less important than the thoughts.
b) the conscious mind can deal with the mass of unaceptable passions and drives.
A: c)The unconscious exerts an important influence over our everyday behaviors
d) Four systems that take part in the conflict between drives and restraints.

1.    Name the two parts of the id
= Thanatos & Eros

2. Name the 3 parts of the personality
= Ego, super ego & id

3. The major causes of behavior have their origin in the

Talkin about the id, ego, and superego

Who is the largest part of the icerberg?
A:The id

1.-¿What study the neurobiological approach ?

R,- Study the ways in wich the brain, nervous system are involved in behavior

2.- what is the basic research un neurobiological approach ?

R.- Studies the neuronal hormonal and other phsycal factors that affect behavior

3.- What is the applied psychology in neurobiological approach?

Helps with additions, eating disorders, health issues affect of enviromental pollutants or weather on mood undersdtanding the role of emotions and anger mangent

1.- What are neurobiologists interested in?

In how the physical systems affect behavior, thought and feelings. 

4.- The psychodynamic approach focuses on:____________ 

the winner forces, conflictos, or instincts of the unconscious mind.

¿What is Superego?

Incorporates the values and morals of society which are learned from parents and other .

¿ What is the Bassic Assumption?!

Is the major causes of behavior that have their origin in the unconscious, and psychic determinism says that all behavior had a cause / Reason.

¿ Studies the ways in which the brain, nervous system , and other body system are involved in behavior?

The Neurobiological Approach .

¿Is the part of the ID which has been modified by the direct influence of the external world ?

EGO‘

How personality is studied?

In clinical observations, experimental psychology where participants may be observed, using tests and which is the most of various personality factors

Which are the most important contributions of Freud?

Focus  the unconscious

Interest  in cognitive and symbolic behavior

Development of psychological therapy

Belief in the importance of basic drives of sexuality and aggression

1.what is the distortion of reality?

The distortion of reality and the in the realness and the dose of imagination

2.what does Freud say about the defense mechanisms?

That its one way to avoid pain or reduced anxiety

3. what the oppression of the consciousness produce in the long run ?

A false reality

4.is violence a defense mechanism?

Yes

5. when you cant let go of someone is that a defense mechanisim?

Yes

6.Do you use your defense mechanisms everyday?

Yes in our daily activities

What approach did Watson applied?

R: Behaviorism

1-What are the defense mechanisms?
A group of mental process that enables the mind to reach compromise solutions to conflicts that the mina is unable to resolve

2-what's the ego
The ego contain our conscious perceptions that develop with the reactions of the real world.

3- Freud proposed three systems that take part in the conflict between our inner drives and external restraints. Wich are those? 
1- the Id
2-the Ego
3-The superego

4- •is intensive component of personality
•consist in of al the biological components of personality presented at birth
•is the first impulsive part of a new born child.
characteristics of:
R- Conscious

Introspection was proposed by?

Wilhelm Wundt                            

What is the ID?

Is the largest portion of the iceberg. The ID contains the basic drives to survive, reproduce and engage in mastery over others.

What are the defense mechanisms?

Is the ways that ego avoids pain or reduces anxiety by using defense mechanisms to distort reality.

Who is the founder of the psychodynamic approach and psychoanalysis.?

Sigmund Freud

What is the psychodynamic approach?

The psychodynamic approach includes all the theories in psychology that see human functioning based upon the interaction of drives and forces within the person, particularly unconscious, and between the different structures of the personality.

Which are the parts of the mind? 
*Ego, super ego and id

Define the roles of the parts of the mind.
*The id is made of the "reptilian incsticts", it is the wild and impulsive part of the mind which acts when provoked.
The ego is an evolved part of the id which rationalizates about the situation and tries to give a rational answer to every problem.
The super ego developes around the age of 3 to 4, it acts as a mediatos between the id and the ego (especially the id) and tries to coose the best response between the two for every stressful situation.

Studies mental processes of perception memory, language, problem solving and thinking

a) sociocultural approach
A: b) cognitive approach
c) Neurobiological approach.
d) behavioral approach.

A) Unconscious
Ego
C) ID

4. The super ego is developed around the age of

A) 10 – 14
3 – 5
C) 1 – 3

4.- Which thing study neurobiological approach?

neurotransmissors

b) ego

C) id

D)Súper ego

2.- Which is NOT a defense mechanism: 

denial b) acceptance c) regression d) projection 

3.- Who established the Psychodynamic approach?

Wundt b) Skinner c) Freud d) Pavlov

When you are refusing to accept something that is upsetting, the defense mechanism taht is acting is.
a) Regression  b) Displacement  *c) Denial  d) Repression

Who proposed the theory of the defense mechanisms?
a) Alfred Adler  *b) Sigmund Freud c) Karen Horney d) Gordon Allport

http://www.simplypsychology.org/operant-conditioning.html

Ivan Pavlov was a Russian physiologist whose research on the physiology of digestion led to the development of the first experimental model of learning, Classical Conditioning. Most of his research was gathered studying salivating dogs. An illustrated review of Pavlov's experiments is available on the [Discovery Web Site].

Pavlov was born on September 14, 1849, at Ryazan, Russia. Because he was born into a large family, poverty was always an issue. His father, Peter Dmitrievich Pavlov, was the village priest and young Ivan tended to the church property. Pavlov inherited many of his father's characteristics including a strong will to succeed.

The oldest sibbling, Ivan Pavlov was also among the healthiest. He began school at the Ryazan Ecclesiastical High School. Pavlov and his brothers eventually entered the Ryazan Ecclesiastical Seminary. At the Seminary, he planned to pursue a career in theology. However, after being introduced to the works of Charles Darwin and Ivan Sechenov, Pavlov decided to transfer to the University of St. Petersburg to gain knowledge about natural science. There, Pavlov gained great respect for a professor of physiology, Cyon. Due to Cyon's enthusiasm for physiology, he decided to become a physiologist during his third year. At that point, Pavlov started work as an assistant in a laboratory in which he earned 50 rubles a month.

Eventually, Pavlov's research on the physiology of digestion would earn him the Nobel Prize. As a skilled surgeon, he was able to implant small stomach pouches in dogs to measure the secretion of gastric juices produced when the dogs began to eat. With the help of his assistants, he was able to condition the dogs to salivate at the click of a metronome. As his work progressed, Pavlov established the basis for conditioned reflexes and the field of classical conditioning.

---

Theory Pavlov concluded that he was able to pair a neutral stimulus with an excitatory one and have the neutral stimulus eventually elicit the response the was associated with the original, unlearned reflex. In Classical Conditioning terminology, an unconditioned stimulus (US) is an event that causes a response to occur, which is referred to as the unconditioned response (UR). And, in Pavlov's study with dogs, the food within the dog's mouth is the US, and the salivation that results is the UR. Pavlov took a step further and added an element known as the nonexcitatory, conditioned stimulus (CS), which is paired with the US.
Pavlov used a metronome as the CS which he rang first, then fed the dogs. This pairing would eventually establish the dog's conditioned response of salivating to the sound of the metronome. After repeating this procedure several times, Pavlov was able to remove the US (food) and by only ringing the bell the dogs would salivate (CR). Since the bell alone now produced the unconditioned response (salivation), the association had been established (Conditioned). Pavlov continued to present the CS with any pairing with the US until the CR no longer occurred. This elimination of the CR is known as extinction. However, waiting a few days and then reintroducing ticking metronome resulted in the dogs once again salivating to the CS. Pavlov termed this, spontaneous recovery.
Pavlov continued of the conditioned response. He replaced the metronome with other stimuli for use as the CS. He conditioned the dogs using a buzzer, the flash of a light, a touch on the dog's harness, and the use of different pitches of a whistle in which the dogs had to differentiate between to determine which pitch resulted in access to food.

Pavlov's experimental research gained much respect throughout Russia as well as America and the rest of the nations. Although he began his investigations late in life he managed to develop the major constructs of a fully realized field of learning. He summarized his discoveries in his remarkable book, Conditioned Reflexes.